Numbers¶

Numbers in RuLA represent numeric values, including both integers and decimal numbers.

Creating Numbers¶

Write numbers directly without quotes:

42          # Integer
-7          # Negative number
3.14159     # Decimal number
0.5         # Decimal less than 1

Number Operations¶

Arithmetic¶

5 + 3           # Addition: 8
10 - 4          # Subtraction: 6
3 * 4           # Multiplication: 12
15 / 3          # Division: 5
17 // 5         # Integer division: 3
17 % 5          # Modulo (remainder): 2
2 ** 3          # Exponentiation: 8

Comparison¶

5 > 3           # Greater than: True
5 >= 5          # Greater than or equal: True
3 < 5           # Less than: True
4 <= 5          # Less than or equal: True

Rounding and Precision¶

ROUND(3.14159)          # Round to nearest integer: 3
ROUND(3.14159, 2)       # Round to 2 decimals: 3.14
FLOOR(3.7)              # Round down: 3
CEIL(3.2)               # Round up: 4

Absolute Value and Sign¶

ABS(-5)                 # Returns 5
SIGN(-5)                # Returns -1
SIGN(5)                 # Returns 1
SIGN(0)                 # Returns 0

Useful Number Functions¶

Function	Description	Example
`SUM`	Sum of all numbers in a list	`SUM([1, 2, 3])` → `6`
`AVG`	Average of numbers in a list	`AVG([1, 2, 3])` → `2`
`MIN`	Smallest number in a list	`MIN([3, 1, 2])` → `1`
`MAX`	Largest number in a list	`MAX([3, 1, 2])` → `3`
`ROUND`	Round to nearest integer	`ROUND(2.5)` → `3`
`ROUND(number, decimals)`	Round to N decimal places	`ROUND(3.14159, 2)` → `3.14`
`FLOOR`	Round down to integer	`FLOOR(3.9)` → `3`
`CEIL`	Round up to integer	`CEIL(3.1)` → `4`
`ABS`	Absolute value	`ABS(-5)` → `5`
`SIGN`	Sign of number (-1, 0, 1)	`SIGN(-5)` → `-1`
`SQRT`	Square root	`SQRT(16)` → `4`
`CLAMP`	Constrain to range	`CLAMP(10, 0, 5)` → `5`
`COMB`	Combinations (n choose k)	`COMB(5, 2)` → `10`
`SUM_PRODUCT`	Sum of products	`SUM_PRODUCT([1,2], [3,4])` → `11`

Working with Lists of Numbers¶

Aggregate functions work on lists:

numbers = [10, 20, 30, 40]
SUM(numbers)        # 100
AVG(numbers)        # 25
MIN(numbers)        # 10
MAX(numbers)        # 40

Type Checking¶

To check if a value is a number:

# Numbers are always known (not None/unknown)
known(42)           # True
unknown(42)         # False